考研英语听力之三——特定场合类基本要求

　　三、特定场合(Specific Occasions)　　1.学校(School)　　学校对于我们每一个人来说都不陌生。然而关于我们学校生活的一些英语日常用语，许多考生并没有很好地掌握。此类用语常与考试、恋爱、约会、旅程、打工、娱乐和家庭 相关。　　考研英语听力中有很大一部分是和校园生活有关的，下面就给大家提供一些典型的校园日常用语。　　(1)与学生、教师、学校有关的常用词组　　Campus校园tuition学费　　MA(degree of Master of Arts)文学硕士Ph.D(Doctor of Philosophy)博士　　academic year学年semester system一年两学期制　　Trimester system一年三学期制quarter system一年四学期制　　credit学分full??time student全日制学生　　part??time student半工半读学生transcript成绩单　　registration注册freshmen大一学生　　sophomore二学生junior大三学生　　requirement必修课elective/optional选修课　　exempt/immune免修的lecture hall大礼堂　　quit school休学drop out辍学　　multiple choice多项选择题essay question问答题　　objective test客观题测试subjective test主观题测试　　scholarship奖学金make up补考　　fellowship研究奖学金assistantship助教奖学金　　(2)与图书馆有关的词组　　library图书馆librarian图书馆管理员　　file档案magazine杂志　　periodical期刊journal专刊　　reference book参考书bibliography参考书目　　stacks书库author作者　　catalog目录index索引　　shelves书架check out办清手续后离开　　renew续借　　(3)与学生住宿生活等有关的词组　　dormitory宿舍cafeteria咖啡厅　　lounge休息室deposit押金定金　　laundry洗的衣服等basement地下室　　shower淋浴tub盆浴　　drain排水faucet水龙头　　toilet抽水马桶cushion坐垫　　built-in closet壁橱bureau五斗橱　　dresser梳妆台vacuum cleaner吸尘器　　carpet地毯(bed) sheet床单　　spread床罩pillow case枕套　　room and board膳宿infirmary医务室　　I??m a graduate from Peking University of 2002.(我是北京大学2002届的毕业生。)　　I have a bachelor degree of Arts (Science).(我是文科/理工科学士。)　　I??m taking economics and mathematics.(我学经济和数学。)　　What kind of grades did you make in college?(你在大学的学习情况怎么样？)　　You will fail in the examination if you don??t work hard.(你如果不好好学习，考试就会不及格。)　　I got full score in the final examination.(期末考试我得了满分。)　　May I have a look at your schedule?(我可以看一下你的课程表吗？)　　When is the new semester going to start?(新学期什么时候开始?)　　A lecture on modern arts will be delivered by Dr. Gore in five minutes.(戈尔博士的现代艺术讲座五分钟后开始。)　　　下面是一段模拟听力对话，请对此仔细分析：　　A: Hi, Jerry. I??d like you to meet my friend Lucia. She graduated from the same university as yours.　　B: Glad to meet you, Lucia.　　A: Glad to meet you too, Jerry. When did you graduate from Yale University?　　B: In 2000. I have a Bachelor of Arts degree. What did you major in?　　A: I majored in child psychology. I was interested in the way children learn to read and write.　　2.餐馆(Restaurant)　　餐馆、商店等场合的对话是考生必须熟悉的内容。常为点菜、介绍菜、评价菜、定房和退房等。餐馆这种特定场合的情景对话也是听力考试容易涉及的方面，餐馆用语比较典型的有：　　Have you made reservations?(有没有预定?)　　For one or for two, Sir?(一位，还是两位?)　　Here or to go?(在这儿吃呢，还是拿走?)　　May I have your order, Sir?(先生，现在点菜吗?)　　Could we see the menu, please?(请把菜单拿来?)　　Which do you prefer, Chinese food or western food?(你喜欢吃中国菜还是西方菜?)　　We would like some local specialties.(我们想吃一些特色菜。)　　Well, what would you recommend?(嗯，你可以推荐一些菜吗?)　　Well, The roast lamb??s very delicious!(哇，这烤全羊吃起来真香!)　　How would you like your steak, rare or well done?(喜欢吃嫩牛排，还是稍微烂一点?)　　Waiter! the bill, please! Check, please! (买单!)　　Let us go Dutch this time, ok?(我们AA制，怎么样？)　　请看下面一场顾客和服务生之间的对话：　　A: Waiter! The menu, please.　　B: Here you are, Miss. Beijing Duck is one of our specialties, and it??s very delicious.　　A: Thank you, but I??d like to choose myself.　　B: Sorry, Miss. But everyone here likes it.　　A: I hate the talkative people, and I will eat nothing here.　　B: I??m really sorry about it, but...　　3.银行(Bank)　　银行用语对一般考生来说，是比较陌生的。因此它在考试中是一个难点。如果对一些常用的银行用语有所了解，将会在考试中收益匪浅。如开户、活期/定期储蓄、利息、销户、兑换等。这些用语比较正式，需要熟练掌握，关键词汇要牢记。下面是一些常用的银行用语：　　a saving account存款户头a checking account支票户头　　financial transactions金钱交易checks支票　　to deposit存款bill票面　　overdraft透支bank statement银行结存单　　to charge sb.向……收取费用withdraw取款　　currency conversion货币兑换foreign currency外币　　credit card信用卡establish credit开信用卡户头　　paying and receiving teller出纳员pay off还清　　repay偿还　　How do we open a savings account?(储蓄账户怎么开?)　　I'd like to open a current account.(我想开一个活期存款户头。)　　How much money do you want to deposit?(你将存多少钱?)　　Here is your bankbook!(你的存折!)　　Could you tell me my balance?(我还有多少余额?)　　I want to close my account. (我要求取消帐户。)　　This is a foreign exchange office.(这是外币兑换处。)　　What's the rate of exchange between US dollar and RMB?(美圆和人民币的兑换率为多少?)　　The interest rate is 4 percent.(利息为百分之四。)　　What kind of currency do you want?(你需要什么币种?)　　Ten yuan is the minimum original deposit.(存储比较低限度为10圆。)　　A: Welcome to our bank, Sir. Can I help you?　　B: I'd like to open a current account.　　A: How much money do you want to deposit?　　B: What's the minimum original deposit?　　A: Fifty RMB, Sir.　　B: Ok, how about the interest?　　A: 6 percent for current deposit.　　B: Umm, I see, and I need to think about it...　　4.医院(Hospital)　　日常生活中，人们感冒、咳嗽、大病小病常有，这是听力中的常考内容。医生与病人的对话、病人与家属朋友的对话等会涉及到开处方、吃药用药、诊断、慰问等内容，考试也是经常涉及。英语中相关的日常用语主要有：　　I have a bad cough and my chest aches.(我咳嗽得厉害并且胸口疼。)　　I've sprained my ankle, and I've got a very bad headache.(我脚踝扭了，并且头疼的厉害。)　　I have a sore throat and a toothache.(我牙疼并且喉咙痛。)　　Do you have any appetite?(胃口好吗?)　　You need to take a blood pressure, and then have a blood test.(你先测血压，然后验血。) 　　I'll have to give you an injection. After that, an urgent operation is necessary.(我先给你打一针，然后动手术。)　　We will transfer you to another hospital.(你将转院治疗。)　　Take two of these pills after meal, three times a day.(此药一天三次，每次两片，饭后服用。)　　I'll give you a prescription.(我给你开个药方吧。)　　This bottle of liquid medicine is for external application. (这瓶药水用以外涂。)　　请分析下面的对话，体会其在听力中的应用：　　D: Now would you lower your shorts?　　P: What's that?　　D: Just an injection.　　P: Will it hurt?　　D: Well, it won??t hurt me,... There. Now, these pills.　　P: Do I need to stay in hospital?　　D: I'm afraid you have to.